Honeybee populations across the United States continue to face severe and unsustainable winter declines. According to the 2022–2023 Bee Informed Partnership (BIP) survey, commercial beekeepers reported an average winter colony loss of 37.4%, with some operations losing more than 60% of their hives. Over the last decade, combined annual losses (winter and summer) have consistently topped 40%, a level experts warn cannot be maintained indefinitely. The causes are multifaceted and interlinked, incl