Solid-state fermentation (SSF) harnesses the natural propensity of filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria to grow on moistened solid substrates without free-flowing water. Agro-industrial wastes such ...
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) utilises moist solid substrates—often agro-industrial residues—as both support and nutrient source for filamentous fungi or bacteria. In contrast to submerged ...
Substrate inhibition is a longstanding bottleneck in microbial fermentation, particularly in lactic acid bacteria, where excessive substrate concentrations can paradoxically suppress growth and ...